The format of the initial record may often be informal and/or unstructured. Many different formats are used to structure information and make it easier to find and to understand later.
The difference is even more significant when the notes are hand written and reworded rather than merely transcribed or typed. Even when students fail to return to their notes and study them, they have shown higher test scores and better comprehension when they take notes versus not taking notes. Many studies have been able to show that note taking in college students has helped them become more engaged in the lecture and allowed them to better comprehend the material.
In some contexts, such as college lectures, the main purpose of taking notes may be to implant the material in the mind, the written notes themselves being of secondary importance. Note-taking is an important skill for students, especially at the college level. Studies comparing the performance of students who took handwritten notes to students who typed their notes found that students who took handwritten notes performed better on examinations, hypothetically due to the deeper processing of learned material through selective rephrasing instead of word-for-word transcription which is common when typing notes. The result is a knowledge representation, and a memory storage. The person taking notes must acquire and filter the incoming sources, organize and restructure existing knowledge structures, comprehend and write down their explanation of the information, and ultimately store and integrate the freshly processed material. Note-taking is a central aspect of a complex human behavior related to information management involving a range of underlying mental processes and their interactions with other cognitive functions. Philosopher John Locke developed and published a popular indexing system which served as a model for commonplace books and inspired at least ten different published editions of commonplace book templates in Europe and the Americas as well as Bell's Common-Place Book, Form'd Generally upon the Principles Recommended and Practised by Mr Locke (London, 1770). In pre-digital times, people used many kinds of notebooks, including commonplace books, accounting waste books, and marginalia. In the Renaissance and early modern period, students learned to take notes in schools, academies and universities, often producing beautiful volumes that served as reference works after they finished their studies. The Ancient Greeks developed hypomnema, personal records on important subjects. Note-taking has been an important part of human history and scientific development.
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